Archive for the ‘Access to Information’ Category

Federal Register XML Rormat Will Increase Usability, Accessibility and Save Money

Wednesday, October 7th, 2009

From the Text Article:

Note: In addition to the text, this article includes a 6.5 minutes audio interview with Carl Malamund. You can listen online or download the mp3 file.

The Federal Register is now available in XML, which many analysts say will make it much easier to use.

Carl Malamund is a technologist, author, and an advocate of making public data publicly available. He runs a non-profit foundation called

On Tuesday’s Daily Debrief, he talked more about the fact that the new XML format saves the federal government money and improves the public’s access to government data.

“by making the data available in bulk, it means we’re going to get a lot of grad students and small businesses and others working with the Federal Register and all our other legal materials and making them easier to use.”

This, he added, is good for government, because it will lead to more efficiency and will get the information out to a wider audience.

Source: Federal News Radio
Hat Tip: P.W.

See Also: Federal Register User? Check Out GovPulse.us, An Award Winning App

For much of its existence the Federal Register has had no easily accessible form. govpulse seeks to change this and enable you to respond to your government. We give you a way to browse the Register (from 1994 on) and use filters to decide what is important to you. And then act on it.

See Also: For More About Carl Malamund and Some of the Resources Public.Resource.org Provides See This Post From September 29th

FBI Investigated Coder for Liberating Paywalled Court Records

Tuesday, October 6th, 2009

From the Article:

When 22-year-old programmer Aaron Swartz decided last fall to help an open-government activist amass a public and free copy of millions of federal court records, he did not expect he’d end up with an FBI agent trying to stake out his house.

But that’s what happened, as Swartz found out this week when he got his FBI file through a Freedom of Information Act request. A partially-redacted FBI report shows the feds mounted a serious investigation of Swartz for helping put public documents onto the public web.

The FBI ran Swartz through a full range of government databases starting in February, and drove by his home, after the U.S. court system told the feds he’d pilfered approximately 18 million pages of documents worth $1.5 million dollars. That’s how much the public records would have cost through the federal judiciary’s pay-walled PACER record system, which charges eight cents a page for most legal filings.

The article continues with details about how Swartz was able to access the PACER documents.

[Snip]

He [Swartz] donated the 19,856,160 pages to public.resource.org, an open government initiative spearheaded by Carl Malamud as part of a broader project to make public as many government databases as Malamud can find. It was Malamud who previously shamed the SEC into putting all its EDGAR filings online in the ’90s, and he used $600,000 in donations to buy 50 years of documents from the nation’s appeals court, which he promptly put on the internet for anyone to download in bulk.

[Snip]

PACER records still cost eight cents a page, but now PACER users running the Firefox browser can donate their downloads to the public domain with a simple plug-in called RECAP.

Use of the plug-in is not likely to start an investigation of you.

But then again, who knows.

Source: Wired (via /.)

See Also: Our First Post about RECAP (8/14/2009)
We also mention OpenJurist (free) and OpenRegs (Federal Regulations). Both of these services are also free.

News from the Open Book Alliance: Libraries, Publishers and Leading Advocates Call for Open, Transparent Settlement Process in Google Book Search Case

Tuesday, October 6th, 2009

From the News Release:

Dozens of leading academic, library, consumer advocacy, organized labor and publishing organizations joined the Open Book Alliance today in calling on Google and its litigation partners to create an open and transparent process to negotiate a settlement in the Google Book Search case. The parties published an open letter to Google, the Authors Guild and the Association of American Publishers, demanding that they include key stakeholders to represent the broad range of public interests in the mass digitization of books. Google and its partners abandoned a previous settlement proposed in the case after the U.S. Department of Justice and others criticized the deal and recommended that the court reject it, but Google and the plaintiff publishers continue to negotiate behind closed doors on a revised settlement proposal.

[Snip]

Joining the Open Book Alliance in calling on Google and its partners to open the process in service of the public interest are leading library associations such as the New York Library Association, the Ohio Library Council, the New Jersey Library Association, and the Special Libraries Association…

You can read the full text of the letter here. (2 pages; PDF)

Source: Open Book Alliance (via PR Newswire)

UPDATE: We’ve learned the the Open Book Alliance letter wasn’t the only letter sent today.

From an Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) Blog Post:

Today EFF along with the ACLU and the privacy authors and publishers they represent, the American Library Association, the Association of Research Libraries and the Association of College and Research Libraries, CDT, EPIC, SFLC, Professor James Grimmelman sent a joint letter to Google urging it to include privacy protections along with its reconsidered Google Book Search Settlement.

Access the complete letter here (2 pages; PDF)

Phishing Attack! Gmail, Yahoo Mail Join Hotmail; Passwords Exposed

Tuesday, October 6th, 2009

From the Computerworld Article:

Google’s Gmail and Yahoo’s Mail were also targeted by a large-scale phishing attack, perhaps the same one that harvested at least 10,000 passwords from Microsoft’s Windows Live Hotmail, according to a report by the BBC.

Microsoft, for its part, said late yesterday that it had blocked all hijacked Hotmail accounts, and offered tools to help users who had lost control of their e-mail.

[Snip]

The BBC also said it has seen a list of some 20,000 hijacked e-mail accounts; the list included accounts from Gmail, Yahoo Mail, AOL, Comcast and EarthLink. The latter two are major U.S. Internet service providers.

See Also: Read the Complete BBC Article Mentioned in the Story

See Also: Thousands of Hotmail passwords leaked online (via neowin.net)

Interview — Judy Blume: “I Was Margaret”

Monday, October 5th, 2009

Judy Blume: “I Was Margaret”

Over her 40-year career, Judy Blume may have done more for sex education than the last 10 surgeons general. Though Blume wrote her best-loved novels in the 1970s, they endure today because they deal frankly and compassionately with the fears, relationships, and sexuality of young people…. Over four decades, Blume has found herself drafted as a defender of First Amendment rights and as a confidante to youth all over the world.

Source: doubleX (Slate)

See Also: More Judy Blume

+ Watch Judy Blume’s Presentation at the National Book Festival (September 26, 2009)

+ Listen to a Recent Podcast With Judy Blume
Matt Raymond from the Library of Congress chats with Judy. It’s a 25 minute interview.

Is that Really Factual?: Focus on Healthcare Reform—Don’t Believe Everything You Read

Friday, October 2nd, 2009

In her latest Newslink Spotlight, Information Today’s NewsBreaks Editor, Paula Hane, takes a look at several resources that can help you verify and “fact check” stories being discussed or debated in the news. Hane’s is the healthcare debate in this article.

The first service mentioned is FactCheck.org, a non-partisan and non-profit site/service from the University of Pennsylvania where journalists and others do the fact checking.

Paula puts it this way:

As a nonpartisan, nonprofit “consumer advocate” for voters, FactCheck.org, a project of the Annenberg Public Policy Center of the University of Pennsylvania, aims to reduce the level of deception and confusion in U.S. politics. It monitors the factual accuracy of what is said by major U.S. political players in the form of TV ads, debates, speeches, interviews, and news releases. Its goals are to apply the best practices of both journalism and scholarship and to increase public knowledge and understanding. It’s definitely a good site to know about when the fur is flying over important issues such as healthcare reform.

The article goes on to discuss a similar service from the St. Petersburg Times named PoliFact

Reporters and editors from the Times fact-check statements by members of Congress, the White House, lobbyists, and interest groups and rate them on a Truth-O-Meter.

The article then provides several sites that focus specifically on the healthcare debate including:

Health Care for America Now (HCAN), a grass roots effort and Fix Health Care Policy from the conservative think tank, The Heritage Foundation

The article concludes by offering even more links and resources.

Much Much More in the Complete Article

Access FactCheck.org

Access Access PoliFact.org

Access HealthCareNow

Access FixHealth Care Policy

Source: Information Today

The e-text debate: Grand Valley State U. students, faculty weigh in

Friday, October 2nd, 2009

From the Article:

Digital books also cannot be re-sold once users are through reading them. Another concern is the Kindle is the only device with a keyboard for taking in-text notes.

In addition to online reading devices, some textbooks are available for purchase as computer downloads. Tools such as Blackboard and e-reserve also allow professors to post readings online.

However, some GVSU professors feel online textbooks and reading devices may not be the best choice for academic reading.

“I do not think they are helpful for most classes,” Biology Professor Robert Hollister said of online textbooks. “Maybe I am old-fashioned, but I find it tiring to read a computer screen … The more interactive, in my opinion, the more useful on the computer. Simply reading a textbook online seems silly and a waste of potential.”

Philosophy professor Kelly Parker said many students still choose to print out online readings, which could be as expensive and resource-consuming as a traditional textbook.

“I mark up the pages, write notes in the margins (and) slap sticky notes on (my books),” Parker said. “The printed page and my pencil are part of my mind when I’m reading these things.”

But he added he would be interested in reading magazines, newspapers and some reference texts on a portable device.

[Snip]

But others, such as geography and planning professor Elena Lioubimtseva, have fully embraced online textbooks and materials.
(more…)

Access to Information and Online Databases: Limiting Access to Court Records in Wisconsin

Thursday, October 1st, 2009

From the Article:

Wisconsin’s online court records database, known as CCAP, was created so the public could easily search for that information. However, state Representative Marlin Schneider (D-Wisconsin Rapids) says people are being punished when cases that are dismissed remain in the system. He says potential employers or landlords can see that information, and may use it against an applicant.

The practice is against the law. However, Schneider says he’s heard from multiple people who have faced such discrimination because charges remain on CCAP for several years, even if they’re dismissed.

Schneider is sponsoring a bill that would restrict free CCAP access to state agencies, as well as legal, law enforcement and media professionals. The public could still view cases where there was a conviction, after they register and pay a fee.

Note: The text report also includes a 3 minute audio report (mp3) about the story. Look for the link at the bottom of the page.

Access the CCAP Database

Source: Wisconsin Radio Network

New From the Berkman Center and ONI: Intenet Filtering in Sub-Saharan Africa

Thursday, October 1st, 2009

From the Announcement:

The Berkman Center for Internet & Society is pleased to share today new work from the OpenNet Initiative (ONI).

The partnership has released four studies of Internet filtering in Sub-Saharan Africa: updated reports on Ethiopia and Zimbabwe and new reports on Uganda and Nigeria, where ONI tested for the first time in 2008 and 2009.

All four profiles can be accessed at: http://opennet.net/research/regions/ssafrica

Many governments across Sub-Saharan Africa view the Internet as a key tool for development and are developing ICT policies accordingly. While the region has a history of media abuses and restrictions on freedom of the press, ONI testing found evidence of consistent filtering in only one of the countries tested: Ethiopia. Filtering in Ethiopia was found to be substantial in regard to both political and conflict/security sites. Ethiopian authorities have also blocked two major blogging platforms, Blogger and Nazret, suggesting political bloggers are the prime targets of censure.

Sources: Berkman Center, OpenNet Initiative

See Also: Other Reports via OpenNet Home Page
+ Country and Regional Profiles

+ ONI Presents Social Media Filtering Maps

The summer of 2009 was a hectic one for online social media: Twitter, Facebook, YouTube and a bevy of other sites fell under the censors’ axe in China and Iran as political events — namely the anniversary of the Tiananmen Square massacre and the Iranian presidential election — shook both countries. Based on testing conducted in 2008-2009, the OpenNet Initiative has compiled data on the most frequently blocked social media sites around the world.

About The Internet (or Intranet) in China

Thursday, October 1st, 2009

From the Article:

“China is not on the Internet, it’s basically an intranet. Everything is banned by the Great Firewall,” says Sherman So, co-author of “Red Wired: China’s Internet Revolution.”

[Snip]

With 338 million Internet users in June 2009, according to the China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC), China is no longer a niche market of the online industry.

[Snip]

“The information gap between those who are from this part of the world and who know Chinese and those who are from another part of world and who don’t is just so huge,” observes So.

[Snip]
(more…)

Data Mining the Mint.com Demographic

Wednesday, September 30th, 2009

Data Mining the Mint.com Demographic

Last week we reported on Intuit’s acquisition of personal finance site Mint.com. Now Mint Founder Aaron Patzer is lifting the curtain on a few fantastic new features–for businesses.

The most significant: Mint is now aggregating data from its 1.5 million users and mining it for personal spending trends. To demonstrate the concept, Mint launched its Trends page three weeks ago with some teaser data, like graphs about the decline of the newspaper industry and the most frugal cities in America.

Right now, access to the aggregate data, which is anonymized, is closed to the public. “Eventually, we’ll do this for researchers,” says Patzer, who hopes to create a streamlined for-pay service allowing businesses to mine the spending habits of the Mint demographic. For now, he says, Mint is open to running custom trends research on a case-by-case basis; if you’re interested, you can contact him at data[at]mint.com to get started.

Source: Fast Company

“Privacy in an Era of Change” and Three Other New Videos from ALA’s Office of Intellectual Freedom

Thursday, September 24th, 2009

The following videos were recorded at the 2009 ALA Annual Conference. They’re hosted on blip.tv.

From the Blog Post:

1) “My, those novels certainly are… graphic!”

One of the most popular intellectual freedom programs in years, this panel discussion was sponsored by the ALA Intellectual Freedom Committee, Association of American Publishers, and Comic Book Legal Defense Fund. Speakers: Neil Gaiman, Terry Moore, and Craig Thompson. Moderated by Charles Brownstein of the Comic Book Legal Defense Fund.

2) “Privacy in an Era of Change”

An engrossing conversation about the status of privacy under the new administration. Cosponsored by the ALA Intellectual Freedom Committee and the ALA Washington Office. Speakers: Mary Ellen Callahan, Chief Privacy Officer for the U.S. Department of Homeland Security; David Sobel, Senior Counsel at the Electronic Frontier Foundation; and Craig Wacker, program officer for the MacArthur Foundation’s Digital Media & Learning initiative.

3) “Libraries, Librarians, and America’s War on Sex”

Sex ed advocate Marty Klein discusses the importance of having sexual information available to all library users. Sponsored by the Intellectual Freedom Round Table.

4) “Intellectual Freedom on the Front Lines”

Librarians and library supporters from West Bend, Wisconsin share their perspective on the protracted censorship challenges going on in their community at this issues briefing session, sponsored by the Intellectual Freedom Committee and the Freedom to Read Foundation.

Source: OIF Blog

See Also: Banned Books Week Begins this Saturday. ResourceShelf has assembled and continues to update a growing compilation of web-based resources. You can find the compilation here.

Gulf High School IB student, parents object to book

Wednesday, September 16th, 2009

Gulf High School IB student, parents object to book

Marí Mercado ranks in the top 10 of her International Baccalaureate class at Gulf High School.

The 16-year-old loves to read, hates to make B’s and works hard on all her assignments.

So when it came time to read two complex novels and write an essay on their magical realism over the summer, Marí didn’t complain. She didn’t even blink at the notion of tackling the 611 pages of Haruki Murakami’s The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle, translated from the original Japanese.

Then she got to the passage on Page 11 that began, “She said, ‘I’m in bed. I just got out of the shower, and I’m not wearing a thing.’ Oh, great. Telephone sex.” Marí thought the text was getting iffy.

Less than half a page later, the writing had become so sexually graphic that she gave the book to her mom, Mindy, with an “Eww, gross.”

Source: St. Petersburg Times

Note: ResourceShelf senior editor Shirl Kennedy is a news researcher for the St. Petersburg Times.

Crying Foul Over Dept. of Corrections’ Violation of Inmates’ Rights, Rutherford Institute Demands Ban on ‘Books Behind Bars’ Program Be Lifted

Wednesday, September 16th, 2009

Crying Foul Over Dept. of Corrections’ Violation of Inmates’ Rights, Rutherford Institute Demands Ban on ‘Books Behind Bars’ Program Be Lifted

The Rutherford Institute is calling on the Virginia Department of Corrections to withdraw a directive forbidding prison inmates from receiving free books from the Charlottesville-based Quest Institute, a non-profit whose “Books Behind Bars” program has distributed more than a million books to 11,000 inmates over the course of its 20-year history. In a demand letter sent to Gene M. Johnson, the director of the Virginia Department of Corrections, Rutherford Institute attorneys charge that the Department’s ban amounts to egregious censorship and is an unwarranted and clear violation of the First Amendment rights of prison inmates who might benefit from the program, as well as the Quest Institute. A copy of the Institute’s letter is available here. (PDF; 88 KB)

For over 20 years, “Books Behind Bars,” a program of the nonprofit corporation Quest Institute, Inc., has provided books free of charge to prison inmates in Virginia and other states. The program responds to requests from inmates for books on specific topics in order to satisfy the intellectual interests and spiritual needs of individual inmates. Books Behind Bars provides inmates with books for which they have a continuing need, such as dictionaries, books on religion, including the Bible and the Koran, meditation, art, literature and a variety of other topics.

However, earlier this year, Department officials issued a directive prohibiting inmates from receiving books sent by Books Behind Bars. Despite inquiries by the program’s director, Kay Allison, and pleas that the program be allowed to continue, the department failed to provide any clear explanation for its act of censorship.

Source: Rutherford Institute

UPDATE: Victory — After Intervention by Rutherford Institute, Dept. of Corrections lifts Ban on ‘Books Behind Bars’ Program, Recognizes Inmates’ Rights

CRS — Access to Government Information In the United States

Tuesday, September 15th, 2009

Access to Government Information In the United States (PDF; 146 KB)

The U.S. Constitution makes no specific allowance for any one of the three branches of the federal government to have access to information held by the others. No provision in the U.S. Constitution expressly establishes a procedure for public access to government information.

Congress has legislated various public access laws. Among these laws are two records access statutes,

  • the Freedom of Information Act (FOI Act or FOIA; 5 U.S.C. S 552), and
  • the Privacy Act (5 U.S.C. S 552a),

and two meetings access statutes:

  • the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA; 5 U.S.C. App.), and
  • the Government in the Sunshine Act (5 U.S.C. S 552b).

The American separation of powers model of government may inherently prompt interbranch conflicts over the accessibility of information. These conflicts are neither unexpected nor necessarily destructive. Although there is considerable interbranch cooperation in the sharing of information and records, such conflicts over access may continue on occasion.

This report offers an overview of the four information access laws noted above, and provides citations to additional resources related to these tools.

Source: Congressional Research Service (via OpenCRS)

Facebook fights Virginia’s demand for user data, photos

Monday, September 14th, 2009

Facebook fights Virginia’s demand for user data, photos

The state of Virginia has backed away from its attempts to force Facebook to divulge the complete contents of a user’s account to settle a dispute over workers’ compensation, narrowly avoiding what promised to be a high-profile privacy battle in federal court.

On Monday, the Virginia’s Workers Compensation Commission said it was no longer going to levy a $200-a-day fine on the social-networking site for refusing to comply with a subpoena from an airline that previously employed a flight attendant named Shana Hensley.

Facebook had objected to the June 4 subpoena from Colgan Air–the Manassas, Va.-based company that operates under the names United Express, US Airways Express, and Continental Connection–on privacy grounds. It said federal law prohibits divulging user data in response to a subpoena, and promised to “further litigate this issue by seeking, among other things, an injunction from the federal courts.”

In principle, this isn’t a novel concept: employers and insurance companies have long used private investigators to ferret out fraud and show that someone who claims to be a virtual cripple actually participates in waterskiing competitions.

Because social-networking sites offer such information-rich glimpses into a person’s private life, insurers and employers have begun eyeing them. A personal injury lawyer in Elmira, N.Y., noted in July that an accident victim claiming to be severely injured was, thanks to Facebook, revealed to be playing in soccer games. An article last week in Business Insurance said that social-networking sites revealed exaggerated claims of injuries from a judo instructor, a bowler, and a rodeo bronco rider.

In the Colgan Air case, Facebook says it’s happy that privacy rights prevailed. “We’re pleased with the outcome and that our users’ information will be protected,” said Facebook spokesman Barry Schnitt.

Source: CNET News

Personal, Electronic, Secure: National Library of Medicine Hosts Health Records Conference

Thursday, September 10th, 2009

From the Article:

Says NLM [National Library of Medicine] Director Donald A.B. Lindberg, M.D., “For more than 30 years, the National Library of Medicine has funded research and development related to Electronic Health Records, including the Indianapolis Patient Care Network (see related story, “Electronic Health Records Place 1st at Indy 500.”). Given the wide variation in U.S. health-care delivery, one size is unlikely to fit all, so it is encouraging that a variety of models is being pursued.”

Source: NIH MedlinePlus Magazine

Social Networking: Privacy Plug-In Fakes Out Facebook

Wednesday, September 9th, 2009

From the Article:

University of Waterloo, Ontario researchers have developed FaceCloak, a browser plug-in that shields social network users’ private data from both malicious users and social network providers. Waterloo professor Urs Hengartner says the plug-in replaces sensitive information in a user’s profile with news feeds and meaningless text that can only be unscrambled by trusted friends and contacts. Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) professor Alessandro Acquisti says most users are unaware of the privacy implications of posting personal information on social networking sites such as Facebook and MySpace.

Much more in the full article.

Source: Technology Review (via ACM News)

See Also: Research Paper: FaceCloak: An Architecture for User Privacy on Social Networking Sites (8 pages; PDF)

An Update on Google Books and Privacy

Thursday, September 3rd, 2009

From the Blog Post:

Since last spring, we’ve had detailed discussions with a number of groups about our privacy practices within Google Books as well as some of our preliminary thoughts about what privacy protections we want to build into services authorized by our settlement agreement. As part of our outreach, we talked to Federal Trade Commission staff to hear their thoughts and answer their questions on privacy and Books. Rather than limit our conversations to the FTC and other specific organizations, though, we wanted to share the results of our exchange with the wider public by releasing a formal Privacy Policy for Google Books, and by highlighting a letter we recently sent to the FTC on Google Books and privacy.

[Snip]

Our privacy policies are usually based on detailed review of a final product — and on weeks, months or years of careful work engineering the product itself to protect privacy. In this case, we’ve planned in advance for the protections that will later be built, and we’ve described some of those in the Google Books policy. We have also covered several privacy issues in our letter to the FTC on Google Books. You can read more of that exchange on the FTC’s website here.

See Also: Google Books Privacy Policy FAQ

Source: Inside Google Book Search

See Also: Search Engine Land Analyst Greg Sterling Offers Some Thoughts on Google and Privacy (via SEL)

See Also: Is “Trust Us” Good Enough? (via Open Book Alliance Blog)

See Also: Privacy Group [EPIC] Asks to Join Google Book Lawsuit As Deadline Approaches (via Wired)
Blog Post from EPIC Available Here.

Secretary Napolitano Announces New Directives on Border Searches of Electronic Media

Monday, August 31st, 2009

Secretary Napolitano Announces New Directives on Border Searches of Electronic Media

Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Secretary Janet Napolitano today announced new directives to enhance and clarify oversight for searches of computers and other electronic media at U.S. ports of entry—a critical step designed to bolster the Department’s efforts to combat transnational crime and terrorism while protecting privacy and civil liberties.

The new directives address the circumstances under which U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) can conduct border searches of electronic media—consistent with the Department’s Constitutional authority to search other sensitive non-electronic materials, such as briefcases, backpacks and notebooks, at U.S. borders.

The directives, available at DHS.gov, will enhance transparency, accountability and oversight of electronic media searches at U.S. ports of entry and includes new administrative procedures designed to reflect broad considerations of civil liberties and privacy protections—measures designed to ensure that officers and agents understand their responsibilities to protect individual private information and that individuals understand their rights.

Searches of electronic media, permitted by law and carried out at borders and ports of entry, are vital to detecting information that poses serious harm to the United States, including terrorist plans, or constitutes criminal activity—such as possession of child pornography and trademark or copyright infringement.

+ CBP Border Search of Electronic Devices Containing Information
(PDF, 10 pages – 4.87 MB)
+ ICE Border Searches of Electronic Media (PDF, 10 pages – 453 KB)
+ Privacy Impact Assessment: Border Searches of Electronic Information
(PDF, 51 pages – 6 MB)

Source: U.S. Department of Homeland Security